Long before synthetic fertilizers, the global guano trade reshaped farming, fueled American expansion and exposed the hidden human costs of feeding the modern world.
Kuwait, which raised a $6 billion bond recently, is trying to attract more Wall Street firms and foreign investors as it works to develop its domestic economy.
Carlyle’s acquisition of Secturion Systems, which makes encryption hardware for government agencies, launches Carlyle’s middle-market defense platform, which is seeking to raise up to $3 billion.
Africa’s exporters are discovering that the winners will be those who can deliver faster, cheaper, and more reliably — and energy costs will play a key role.